From ea38be1d46108e30e4ae18b06aeac7007c2822e2 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Akumatic Date: Fri, 3 Dec 2021 11:19:21 +0100 Subject: [PATCH] 2021 Day 03 --- 2021/03/README.md | 75 ++++ 2021/03/code.py | 37 ++ 2021/03/input.txt | 1000 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ 2021/03/solution.txt | 2 + 2021/03/test_code.py | 15 + 2021/README.md | 1 + 6 files changed, 1130 insertions(+) create mode 100644 2021/03/README.md create mode 100644 2021/03/code.py create mode 100644 2021/03/input.txt create mode 100644 2021/03/solution.txt create mode 100644 2021/03/test_code.py diff --git a/2021/03/README.md b/2021/03/README.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..5df5f5b --- /dev/null +++ b/2021/03/README.md @@ -0,0 +1,75 @@ +# 2021 Day 03: Binary Diagnostic +Copyright (c) Eric Wastl +#### [Direct Link](https://adventofcode.com/2021/day/03) + +## Part 1 + +The submarine has been making some odd creaking noises, so you ask it to produce a diagnostic report just in case. + +The diagnostic report (your puzzle input) consists of a list of binary numbers which, when decoded properly, can tell you many useful things about the conditions of the submarine. The first parameter to check is the **power consumption**. + +You need to use the binary numbers in the diagnostic report to generate two new binary numbers (called the **gamma rate** and the **epsilon rate**). The power consumption can then be found by multiplying the gamma rate by the epsilon rate. + +Each bit in the gamma rate can be determined by finding the **most common bit in the corresponding position** of all numbers in the diagnostic report. For example, given the following diagnostic report: + +``` +00100 +11110 +10110 +10111 +10101 +01111 +00111 +11100 +10000 +11001 +00010 +01010 +``` + +Considering only the first bit of each number, there are five `0` bits and seven `1` bits. Since the most common bit is `1`, the first bit of the gamma rate is `1`. + +The most common second bit of the numbers in the diagnostic report is `0`, so the second bit of the gamma rate is `0`. + +The most common value of the third, fourth, and fifth bits are `1`, `1`, and `0`, respectively, and so the final three bits of the gamma rate are `110`. + +So, the gamma rate is the binary number `10110`, or **`22`** in decimal. + +The epsilon rate is calculated in a similar way; rather than use the most common bit, the least common bit from each position is used. So, the epsilon rate is `01001`, or **`9`** in decimal. Multiplying the gamma rate (`22`) by the epsilon rate (`9`) produces the power consumption, **`198`**. + +Use the binary numbers in your diagnostic report to calculate the gamma rate and epsilon rate, then multiply them together. **What is the power consumption of the submarine**? (Be sure to represent your answer in decimal, not binary.) + +## Part 2 + +Next, you should verify the **life support rating**, which can be determined by multiplying the **oxygen generator rating** by the **CO2 scrubber rating**. + +Both the oxygen generator rating and the CO2 scrubber rating are values that can be found in your diagnostic report - finding them is the tricky part. Both values are located using a similar process that involves filtering out values until only one remains. Before searching for either rating value, start with the full list of binary numbers from your diagnostic report and **consider just the first bit** of those numbers. Then: + +- Keep only numbers selected by the **bit criteria** for the type of rating value for which you are searching. Discard numbers which do not match the bit criteria. +- If you only have one number left, stop; this is the rating value for which you are searching. +- Otherwise, repeat the process, considering the next bit to the right. + +The **bit criteria** depends on which type of rating value you want to find: + +- To find **oxygen generator rating**, determine the **most common** value (`0` or `1`) in the current bit position, and keep only numbers with that bit in that position. If `0` and `1` are equally common, keep values with a **`1`** in the position being considered. +- To find **CO2 scrubber rating**, determine the **least common** value (`0` or `1`) in the current bit position, and keep only numbers with that bit in that position. If `0` and `1` are equally common, keep values with a **`0`** in the position being considered. + +For example, to determine the **oxygen generator rating** value using the same example diagnostic report from above: + +- Start with all 12 numbers and consider only the first bit of each number. There are more `1` bits (7) than `0` bits (5), so keep only the 7 numbers with a `1` in the first position: `11110`, `10110`, `10111`, `10101`, `11100`, `10000`, and `11001`. +- Then, consider the second bit of the 7 remaining numbers: there are more `0` bits (4) than `1` bits (3), so keep only the 4 numbers with a `0` in the second position: `10110`, `10111`, `10101`, and `10000`. +- In the third position, three of the four numbers have a `1`, so keep those three: `10110`, `10111`, and `10101`. +- In the fourth position, two of the three numbers have a `1`, so keep those two: `10110` and `10111`. +- In the fifth position, there are an equal number of `0` bits and `1` bits (one each). So, to find the **oxygen generator rating**, keep the number with a `1` in that position: `10111`. +- As there is only one number left, stop; the **oxygen generator rating** is `10111`, or **`23`** in decimal. + +Then, to determine the **CO2 scrubber rating** value from the same example above: + +- Start again with all 12 numbers and consider only the first bit of each number. There are fewer `0` bits (5) than `1` bits (7), so keep only the 5 numbers with a `0` in the first position: `00100`, `01111`, `00111`, `00010`, and `01010`. +- Then, consider the second bit of the 5 remaining numbers: there are fewer `1` bits (2) than `0` bits (3), so keep only the 2 numbers with a `1` in the second position: `01111` and `01010`. +- In the third position, there are an equal number of `0` bits and `1` bits (one each). So, to find the CO2 scrubber rating, keep the number with a `0` in that position: `01010`. +- As there is only one number left, stop; the **CO2 scrubber rating** is `01010`, or **`10`** in decimal. + +Finally, to find the life support rating, multiply the oxygen generator rating (`23`) by the CO2 scrubber rating (`10`) to get **`230`**. + +Use the binary numbers in your diagnostic report to calculate the oxygen generator rating and CO2 scrubber rating, then multiply them together. **What is the life support rating of the submarine?** (Be sure to represent your answer in decimal, not binary.) \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/2021/03/code.py b/2021/03/code.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000..77e9902 --- /dev/null +++ b/2021/03/code.py @@ -0,0 +1,37 @@ +# SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT +# Copyright (c) 2021 Akumatic +# +# https://adventofcode.com/2021/day/03 + +def read_file() -> list: + with open(f"{__file__.rstrip('code.py')}input.txt", "r") as f: + return [line for line in f.read().strip().split("\n")] + +def get_mcb(vals: list) -> list: + bit_count = [sum(int(num[i]) for num in vals) for i in range(len(vals[0]))] + return [1 if cnt >= (len(vals) - cnt) else 0 for cnt in bit_count] + +def reduce_reports(reports: list, invert: bool = False) -> int: + for i in range(0, len(reports[0])): + mcb = get_mcb(reports)[i] + bit = str(mcb if not invert else 1 - mcb) + reports = [rep for rep in reports if rep[i] == bit] + if len(reports) == 1: + break + return int(reports[0], 2) + +def part1(vals: list) -> int: + mcb = get_mcb(vals) + gamma = "".join(["1" if bit else "0" for bit in mcb]) + epsilon = "".join(["0" if bit else "1" for bit in mcb]) + return int(gamma, 2) * int(epsilon, 2) + +def part2(vals: list) -> int: + ogr = reduce_reports(vals[:]) # oxygen generator rating + csr = reduce_reports(vals[:], invert=True) # CO2 scrubber rating + return ogr * csr + +if __name__ == "__main__": + vals = read_file() + print(f"Part 1: {part1(vals)}") + print(f"Part 2: 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__name__ == "__main__": + test() diff --git a/2021/README.md b/2021/README.md index c0f11a3..6440e1b 100644 --- a/2021/README.md +++ b/2021/README.md @@ -17,6 +17,7 @@ Collect stars by solving puzzles. Two puzzles will be made available on each day | --- | --- | --- |---| --- | | 01 | :white_check_mark: | :white_check_mark: | [Solution](01/code.py) | [Day 01](https://adventofcode.com/2021/day/1) | | 02 | :white_check_mark: | :white_check_mark: | [Solution](02/code.py) | [Day 02](https://adventofcode.com/2021/day/2) | +| 03 | :white_check_mark: | :white_check_mark: | [Solution](03/code.py) | [Day 03](https://adventofcode.com/2021/day/3) | | 03 | | | | | | 04 | | | | | | 05 | | | | |